Hair Color Oxidant: What Is It and How Does It Work?

When it comes to coloring your hair, there are many components involved in the process to achieve the desired shade and result. One essential ingredient used in most hair color formulas is the hair color oxidant, also known as developer or peroxide. But what exactly is a hair color oxidant, and how does it work? In this article, we will explore the role of oxidants in hair coloring, their different types, and how to choose the right one for your hair.

What is a Hair Color Oxidant?

A hair color oxidant, or developer, is a hydrogen peroxide-based solution that plays a crucial role in the hair coloring process. It is responsible for opening the hair cuticle, allowing the hair color molecules to penetrate the hair shaft, and initiating the chemical reaction that changes the hair's color. The oxidant is typically mixed with a hair color or lightener to create the desired shade or level of lightness.

Types of Hair Color Oxidants

Hair color oxidants come in different strengths or volumes, typically ranging from 10 volume (3% hydrogen peroxide) to 40 volume (12% hydrogen peroxide). The strength of the developer you choose will depend on the desired result and the condition of your hair.

1. 10 Volume (3%): This low-strength developer is used for depositing color without lifting the natural hair color. It is suitable for toning, enhancing existing color, or darkening the hair.
2. 20 Volume (6%): This is the most commonly used developer strength, as it provides a gentle lift to the natural hair color while depositing color. It is ideal for covering gray hair or achieving a color that is one to two shades lighter than the natural hair color.
3. 30 Volume (9%): This stronger developer is used for lifting the natural hair color by two to three shades. It is suitable for lighter hair color transformations, but should be used with caution, as it can cause more damage to the hair.
4. 40 Volume (12%): The highest strength developer is used for significant color transformations, such as lifting the natural hair color by three to four shades or more. This developer is typically used in conjunction with lighteners for extreme color changes and should only be used by experienced professionals, as it can severely damage the hair if not used correctly.